ꯀꯪꯂꯥ

ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯂꯣꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯈꯥꯏꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯈꯔꯕ ꯂꯦꯝꯍꯧꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯉꯥꯏꯍꯧꯔꯦ꯫ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯂꯕ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯋꯥꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛ

ꯀꯪꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯢꯕꯗ ꯆꯦꯟꯕ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ

ꯀꯪꯂꯥ(ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩ ꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ(ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯹꯱ ꯐꯥꯎ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯇꯨꯗ ꯲꯴°ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯡꯒꯤꯇꯨꯗ ꯹꯴°ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯡ ꯁꯃꯨꯗꯔ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯃꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯶꯱꯹ ꯐꯤꯠ(꯷꯹꯸ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ) ꯋꯥꯡꯉꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯂ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯊꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ 'ꯀꯪꯂꯥ' ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ ꯅ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯀꯥꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯰꯰ ꯕꯤ ꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯥ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯇ ꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡ ꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯂꯤꯛ ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥꯏ ꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

History

ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯥꯒꯤ (꯳꯳ ꯁꯤ.ꯏꯤ꯬ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯸꯹꯱ ꯁꯤ.ꯏꯤ꯬ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ) ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫^[꯱]

ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ-ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥ-ꯉꯥ

ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯧꯕꯤꯜꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯎ (ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯚꯤꯜꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯁꯇꯥ) ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃ

ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯃꯪ ꯋꯥꯃꯪ ꯂꯩꯕꯅ "ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯁꯍꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯫^[꯲]ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ, ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯔꯁꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯥꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯔ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯔꯝꯅ, ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯎꯃꯪ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄ ꯈꯔ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯏꯪ ꯲00꯹ꯗ, ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯠ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯅ ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯍꯔꯕꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯦꯟ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯕꯣꯇꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯣꯛꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯊ ꯏꯁꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ꯭ꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ, ꯖꯣꯔꯍꯥꯠ (ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ.) ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯐꯦꯜ ꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯕ-ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯆꯅ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫^[꯳]꯲꯰꯱꯰ꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯏ. ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯇꯤ. ꯗ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯶.꯱꯶ (꯲꯰꯲꯳ꯗ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯱꯴ ꯅꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯱꯷,꯰꯰꯰ꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ) ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯪꯈꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯱꯳꯱ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ (ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯲꯰ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ) ꯫ ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯍꯔꯕꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯦꯟꯗ ꯌꯣꯛꯈꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ "ꯍꯩꯀ꯭ꯔꯨ" (ꯐꯥꯏꯂꯟꯊꯁ ꯑꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯀꯥ ꯂꯤꯟ) "ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯔꯤ" (ꯐꯥꯏꯂꯟꯊꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁ ꯂꯤꯟ) ꯑꯒꯔ (ꯑꯦꯀ꯭ꯋꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯒꯥꯂꯣꯆꯥ ꯂꯦꯝ꯭ꯄ), ꯅꯤꯝ (ꯑꯖꯥꯗꯤꯔꯆꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯥ ꯑꯦ ꯖꯨꯁ), ꯇꯦꯔꯥ (ꯃꯣꯕꯦꯛ꯭ꯁ ꯃꯂꯦꯕꯥꯊ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯝ ꯂꯤꯟ), ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯔꯨ (ꯅꯤꯛꯇꯦꯟꯊꯦꯁ ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯣꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯤꯟ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ (ꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯆꯝꯄꯥꯀꯥ ꯂꯤꯟ) ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯕꯣꯇꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯦꯟ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯦꯀꯔ ꯳.꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫^[꯴]

ꯏꯪ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ꯒꯤ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯤꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯅꯨꯔꯥ ꯍꯩꯀꯣꯜ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟꯗ "ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯀꯣꯜ") ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯐꯝꯗꯨꯗ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯷꯰꯰ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ "ꯕꯥꯌꯣꯗꯥꯏꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯥꯔ꯭ꯛ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫^[꯵]

ꯏꯪ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯌꯣꯛꯐꯥ, ꯑꯒꯔ, ꯎꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ, ꯇꯤꯛ, ꯆꯥꯍꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯎ ꯱꯲꯰ ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯆꯦ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ "ꯗ ꯁꯪꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯛ꯭ꯁꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ" (ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯏ.) ꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯕꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟ꯭ꯇꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯲꯰ꯁꯨꯕ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ ꯫^[꯶]

"ꯏꯪꯉꯦꯜꯂꯩ

ꯩ

ꯏꯪ ꯲꯰꯲꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯏꯟ꯭ꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯕꯥꯌꯣꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯁꯁꯇꯦꯅꯦꯕꯜ ꯗꯦꯚꯦꯂꯞꯃꯦꯟ꯭ꯇ (ꯑꯥꯏ. ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯗꯤ.) ꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯵꯰ ꯊꯥꯈꯤ ꯫^[꯷]

ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯨꯈ꯭ꯌ ꯃꯟꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯕꯤꯔꯦꯟ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯀꯡꯂꯥ ꯐꯣꯔ꯭ꯠ ꯕꯣꯔ꯭ꯗꯅ ꯀꯡꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯱꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯊꯥꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯩ ꯫^[꯸]

↑ (2016-10-14) Historical Dictionary of the Peoples of the Southeast Asian Massif (in en). Rowman & Littlefield, 245. ISBN 978-1-4422-7279-8.
↑ Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror (in en-GB) (2019-06-26).
↑ Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline (in en-US). Archived from the original on 8 March 2023 ꯫ Retrieved on 14 September 2024 ꯫
↑ Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline (in en-US). Archived from the original on 8 March 2023 ꯫ Retrieved on 14 September 2024 ꯫
↑ Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror (in en-GB) (2019-06-26).
↑ TSE takes up tree plantation drive at Kangla on 20th foundation day (in en).
↑ Tree Plantation Programme at Kangla 20220507.
↑ 10 thousand fruit bearing tree saplings to be planted in Kangla Fort complex | Pothashang News (in en-GB) (2019-06-06).

[1] (2016-10-14) Historical Dictionary of the Peoples of the Southeast Asian Massif (in en). Rowman & Littlefield, 245. ISBN 978-1-4422-7279-8.

[2] Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror (in en-GB) (2019-06-26).

[3] Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline (in en-US). Archived from the original on 8 March 2023 ꯫ Retrieved on 14 September 2024 ꯫

[4] Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline (in en-US). Archived from the original on 8 March 2023 ꯫ Retrieved on 14 September 2024 ꯫

[5] Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror (in en-GB) (2019-06-26).

[6] TSE takes up tree plantation drive at Kangla on 20th foundation day (in en).

[7] Tree Plantation Programme at Kangla 20220507.

[8] 10 thousand fruit bearing tree saplings to be planted in Kangla Fort complex | Pothashang News (in en-GB) (2019-06-06).

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